Giftedness, the definition
Piirto (1999) has stated several definitions of Gifted according to The Marland Report (1971), the Javits Gifted and Talented Act (1988) and 1993 National Excellence. The Marland Report listed six kinds of giftedness which are intellectual, specific academic, creative, visual and performing arts, leadership and psychomotor.
As for the Javits Gifted and Talented Act, gifted and talented were defined as children and youth who give evidence of high performance capability in areas such as intellectual, creative, artistic, or leadership capacity, or in specific academic fields, and who require services or activities not ordinarily provided by the school in order to fully develop such capabilities.
1993 National Excellence has proposed a revised definition of gifted and talented based on 1988 The Javits Gifted and Talented Act. The definition proposed that giftedness, or talent, occurs in all groups across all cultures and is not necessarily seen in test scores, but in a [person’s “high performance capability”, in the intellectual, in the creative, and in the artistic realms.
Santrock (995) defined gifted as people who have above-average intelligence (an IQ of 120 higher) and/or superior talent for something.
References
Piirto, J. (1999). Talented Children and Adults: Their Development and Education. United State: Prentice-Hall.
Santrock, J.W. (1995). Life-Span Development. United State: Brown & Benchmark.
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